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The Korean Journal of Public Administration
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Public Administration - Vol. 63, No. 3, pp.119-147
ISSN: 1229-6694 (Print)
Print publication date 30 Sep 2025
Received 24 Apr 2025 Revised 02 Jul 2025 Accepted 09 Jul 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24145/KJPA.63.3.5

재난 초기 대응에서 지방정부의 정책정향 및 행정역량의 영향에 관한 연구: 코로나19 사례를 중심으로

양지은** ; 심동철*** ; 김다은**** ; 정기훈*****
**제1저자, 고려대학교 행정학과 박사수료생 jeyang11@korea.ac.kr
***공동저자, 고려대학교 행정학과 교수 dcshim@korea.ac.kr
****교신저자, 동아대학교 석당인재학부 조교수 dnkim@dau.ac.kr
*****공동저자, 경희대학교 공공대학원 조교수 pigul@khu.ac.kr
Policy Orientation and Administrative Capacity in Local Governments’ Disaster Response: The Case of COVID-19
Ji Eun Yang** ; Dong Chul Shim*** ; DaEun Kim**** ; Kee Hoon Chung*****

초록

본 연구는 지방정부의 정책정향과 행정역량이 재난 초기 대응 성과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 밝히는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 근본 원인 이론(FCT)과 정부 역량 논의를 이론적 틀로 활용하여 기초지자체의 코로나19 초기 확산 자료를 분석하였다. 기초지자체의 정책정향(복지･개발)과 행정역량(관리･보건체계)이 확진자 수에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 복지정향은 유의한 음의 관계를 보였으며 개발정향은 양의 관계를 보였다. 행정역량 중 관리역량은 유의한 영향을 확인할 수 없었지만, 보건체계 역량은 일부 유의한 영향 관계가 확인되었다. 이처럼 지방정부의 정책정향과 행정역량은 이들의 재난대응 성과를 결정짓는 요인으로 주목할 필요가 있으며, 다가올 재난 상황에 대응하기 위해 사전에 이러한 역량들을 강화하여야 한다.

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of local governments’ policy orientation and administrative capacity on early disaster response, focusing on the case of COVID-19 in South Korea. The study analyzes the initial spread of COVID-19 at the municipal level through regression analysis, using the Fundamental Cause Theory (FCT) and the concept of governmental capacity as theoretical frameworks. Policy orientation is categorized into welfare- and development-oriented approaches, while administrative capacity is divided into managerial and public health capacities. The results indicate that a welfare-oriented policy has a significant negative association with the number of confirmed cases, suggesting better early response outcomes. In contrast, a development-oriented policy is positively associated with case numbers. Among the administrative capacity variables, managerial capacity shows no significant effect, whereas public health capacity has a partially significant influence. These findings highlight the importance of both policy direction and institutional capacity in shaping the effectiveness of local disaster response. The study suggests that enhancing these capacities in advance is crucial for preparing for future public health crises and other emergencies.

Keywords:

local government, disaster response, policy orientation, administrative capability, fundamental cause theory (FCT)

키워드:

지방정부, 재난 대응, 정책정향, 행정역량, 근본 원인 이론(FCT)

Acknowledgments

이 논문은 2022년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구입니다(NRF-2022S1A5C2A03091302).

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